Borrowing Base

The maximum loan amount a borrower may draw under a revolving credit facility, calculated as the sum of eligible collateral values multiplied by applicable advance rates. Distinct from a fixed loan: availability fluctuates as collateral values change; monthly BBC certification is standard.

Advance Rate

The percentage of eligible collateral value that lenders will fund against; reflects the expected recovery rate in a stress liquidation scenario. Accounts receivable: 70–85%; inventory: 40–65%; equipment: 60–75%; real property: 50–65%.

Dilution

The reduction in accounts receivable balances through credits, returns, disputes, and volume discounts — rather than through cash payment. Dilution reserve is an advance rate deduction: if trailing 12-month dilution is 8%, lenders may subtract 8% from the AR advance rate.

Concentration Limit

A cap on the proportion of the borrowing base attributable to a single obligor, industry sector, or asset type. Prevents a single default from causing a disproportionate availability reduction; typically 10–25% per obligor.